1 00:00:00,320 --> 00:00:04,480 Looking for life in the outer planets- where will we go? 2 00:00:04,480 --> 00:00:08,160 Is it in the big gas giants or their moons? 3 00:00:08,160 --> 00:00:13,519 Hi, I'm Jim Green, Chief Scientist at NASA and this is Gravity Assist. 4 00:00:13,519 --> 00:00:17,680 On this season of Gravity Assist, we're looking for life beyond Earth. 5 00:00:17,680 --> 00:00:22,800 I'm here with Dr Athena Coustenis and she is the director of research with the 6 00:00:22,800 --> 00:00:25,519 French National Center for Scientific Research 7 00:00:25,520 --> 00:00:31,380 at the Paris Observatory in Meudon, France. Welcome, Athena to Gravity Assist. 8 00:00:31,380 --> 00:00:34,880 Hi Jim. Happy to be here and chat with you today. 9 00:00:34,880 --> 00:00:36,880 The European Space Agency is moving 10 00:00:36,880 --> 00:00:42,559 forward with a spectacular mission they call JUICE and so what is JUICE 11 00:00:42,560 --> 00:00:44,580 all about and where is it going? 12 00:00:44,620 --> 00:00:50,960 It's planned for launch in 2022. Arrival in Jupiter around 2029-2030 13 00:00:50,960 --> 00:00:56,160 and it will spend more than three years making uh detailed observations of the 14 00:00:56,160 --> 00:00:59,440 of obviously the gas giants planet jupiter and 15 00:00:59,440 --> 00:01:03,680 three of its largest moons with a focus on ganymede but also callisto 16 00:01:03,680 --> 00:01:08,560 and Europa. And is to characterize the conditions that may have 17 00:01:08,560 --> 00:01:12,720 led to the emergence of habitable environments among the jovian icy 18 00:01:12,720 --> 00:01:17,040 satellites, with again a special emphasis on on Ganymede. 19 00:01:17,080 --> 00:01:20,600 because it (Ganymede) provides us with such a 20 00:01:20,600 --> 00:01:25,439 natural laboratory for the analysis of the nature evolution the potential 21 00:01:25,440 --> 00:01:31,840 habitability of icy worlds in general but also ganymede is one of the objects 22 00:01:31,840 --> 00:01:36,960 also where we find indication of this on the surface of resurfacing from 23 00:01:36,960 --> 00:01:40,880 something that was previously in liquid form probably under 24 00:01:40,880 --> 00:01:44,640 the the surface and where we have indication by the fact 25 00:01:44,640 --> 00:01:49,119 that this is a satellite that has an induced magnetic 26 00:01:49,119 --> 00:01:51,040 field, which actually interacts with the 27 00:01:51,040 --> 00:01:55,680 magnetosphere of Jupiter and so on, but it has an induced magnetic field 28 00:01:55,680 --> 00:01:58,719 that indicates the presence of a liquid water ocean 29 00:01:58,719 --> 00:02:02,399 underneath its surface. It's the best indication we have to get 30 00:02:02,399 --> 00:02:08,720 today of that. It also has auroras. I mean it's amazing that you find that 31 00:02:08,720 --> 00:02:12,720 around such a distant object. So we do need to 32 00:02:12,720 --> 00:02:16,800 go back and look closely uh at Ganymede not only 33 00:02:16,800 --> 00:02:20,400 because, you know, it's our biggest satellite the solar system but because 34 00:02:20,400 --> 00:02:24,400 we want to disentangle all these interactions of the magnetic 35 00:02:24,400 --> 00:02:28,880 field and the magnetosphere of Jupiter and try to discover exactly what it's 36 00:02:28,880 --> 00:02:32,000 telling us on its ocean properties. 37 00:02:32,000 --> 00:02:35,140 Now, in addition, the with ESA's JUICE 38 00:02:35,140 --> 00:02:39,440 NASA is launching the Clipper mission and Clipper is going 39 00:02:39,440 --> 00:02:42,959 to Jupiter but it's going to study Europa 40 00:02:42,959 --> 00:02:46,800 so when you think about JUICE at Ganymede and the NASA Clipper 41 00:02:46,800 --> 00:02:50,720 mission at Europa, the synergy is going to be fantastic. 42 00:02:50,720 --> 00:02:53,599 We're going to learn all kinds of things and I can't wait for 43 00:02:53,599 --> 00:02:57,840 that to happen. Amazing! Can you imagine two missions- two 44 00:02:57,840 --> 00:03:01,840 missions in the Jupiter system? It deserves it. And and I think 45 00:03:01,840 --> 00:03:05,040 more than different they're very complementary um 46 00:03:05,040 --> 00:03:08,959 you know Europa and Ganymede are are are the divas 47 00:03:08,959 --> 00:03:14,640 you know, in the Jupiter system, uh, if you're looking for habitable worlds. 48 00:03:14,640 --> 00:03:17,760 And while the instruments, some of the instruments are similar, there's 49 00:03:17,760 --> 00:03:22,159 overlapping observations that we're going to do. Like